Robotic Hip replacement

Robotic hip replacement, or robot-assisted total hip arthroplasty (RATHA), is a surgical procedure that uses a robotic arm or navigation system to enhance a surgeon's precision when replacing a hip joint. This advanced technique offers several advantages over traditional methods, though it also has some limitations.

How robotic hip replacement works

The robotic-assisted procedure combines a surgeon's expertise with computer-guided technology.

• Pre-operative planning:A specialized CT scan is used to create a detailed, three-dimensional virtual model of the patient's unique hip anatomy. The surgeon uses this model to create a personalized surgical plan, mapping out the precise size, placement, and alignment of the implant before the procedure begins.
• Intra-operative guidance During surgery, the surgeon controls a robotic arm equipped with surgical instruments. The robotic system provides real-time feedback and uses a virtual boundary (also called haptic feedback) to guide the surgeon's movements. This ensures that bone preparation and implant placement are executed exactly according to the pre-operative plan. The system helps the surgeon precisely remove damaged bone and cartilage while preserving healthy tissue.
• Implant placement: The surgeon guides the robotic arm to accurately place the artificial hip implant, ensuring optimal positioning. Once the implants are secured, the hip joint is reassembled and the incision is closed.

Advantages over traditional surgery

• Increased precision: The robotic system's guidance allows for a higher level of accuracy in implant placement, with a reduced margin of error compared to conventional techniques.
• Optimal alignment: Precise positioning of the implant can help achieve better leg length consistency and optimal joint angle, reducing the risk of complications like dislocation.
• Minimally invasive approach: The precision of robotic instruments often allows for smaller incisions, which can lead to less tissue damage and blood loss.
• Faster recovery: Smaller incisions and less trauma to surrounding tissues typically result in less post-operative pain, shorter hospital stays, and a quicker return to daily activities.
• Customized fit: The personalized 3D planning ensures the implant is tailored to the patient's specific anatomy, contributing to a more natural feeling joint.